King Henry VIII of England: Wives and Legacy

magnate enthalpy VIII of England Wives and LegacyOutlineenthalpy VIIIReigned as nance of England from the 21st of April in 1509 until his death on 28thof January in 1547, nance Henry VIII who ruled for 37 years and 282 days was the second son of King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. His older brother Arthur, Prince of Wales got married to Catherine of Aragon in 1501 when Henry was 10 years old. Soon afterwards Arthurs wedding, his wife, Catherine, and he went to live in Wales, seeing that was tradition for the heritor to the thr wizard. However, four months after their marriage began, it ended with Arthurs death. Later on, An agreement was signed that would allow Catherine to marry the next heir to the throne which was Prince Henry. Until then, Catherines parents, Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain would beam over 100,000 crowns worth of plate and gold as a wedding gift and Henry would pay the agreed upon dowry. It was viewed as necessary for a apostolical dispensation to be iss ued permitting Henry to marry Catherine, as she was his dead brothers wife, and this marriage was illegal in Leviticus. At the time Catherine denied that her marriage to Arthur had even been accomplished so no dispensation was needed. However, permission from the pope was wanted and received due to both parties in Spain and England who wanted to be sure of the legitimacy of the marriage. Arthurs death caused Henry to be the forthcoming king in a very young age and that Henry was shy of 18 years old, unaccompanied he did prepare himself for this situation after his brothers death. When people hear the name Henry VIII they would not want to see an 18 year old boy so he was not what people really expected. Henry was not the heavy and ill kind of person in his by and by years. Instead in his youth, he was handsome and athletic. He was tall as well as he had a bright red-gold cap of hair and beard balding and unhealthy man that is often remembered. Henrys marital career is probably the thing that he is just about known for.Shortly after becoming king, Henry VIII took Catherine of Aragon as his bride on 11 June 1509. King Henry had inherited 1.5 million pounds from his render and had succeeded in the first peaceful transition of power after the Wars of the Roses. He then brought a youth and dynamism to the court that had long been pretermiting and that Henry dreamed of glory beyond the hunt and argues.Catherine of Aragon Wife 1Catherine of Aragon was rased in a family of kings and queens and she was intended to move around one herself. As she was about four years old she was betrothed to the future king of England. After her first husband dies, Catherine of Aragon by 1505 married Henry VIII. She satisfied this destiny. Soon after their marriage, Catherine finds out that she is pregnant, but with a stillborn daughter. Subsequent to that she gave birth to a daughter called Mary. But Henry was scared that sin die before having a boy to take his name after him and at the same time Catherine could not really produce a priapic heir. After all she became a victim of Henry VIIIs inability to produce a male heir. For this reason, she was removed from her throne and her marriage annulled. Although, maybe not the most memorable of Henry VIIIs wives, she certainly had left a mark on history.Anne Boleyn Wife 2In 1528, Anne showed real interest in religious remedy and may take a leak gave some of her ideas to Henry, and gaining the hatred of some members of the Court. The legal argues about the marriage of Henry and Catherine of Aragon continued on. Anne was no doubt frustrated by the lack of progress. Her famous anger and tongue showed themselves at times in famous arguments between her and Henry for all the court to see. Anne feared that Henry might go dorsum to Catherine if the marriage could not be annulled and Anne would have wasted time that she could have used to make an advantageous marriage. Sometime near the end of 1532, Anne fi nally gave representation and by December she was pregnant. To avoid any questions of the legitimacy of the child, Henry was forced into playion. Sometime near St. Pauls Day, Anne and Henry were secretly married. Although the Kings marriage to Catherine was not dissolved, in the Kings beware it had never existed in the first place, so he was free to marry whomever he wanted. On May 23, the Archbishop officially proclaimed that the marriage of Henry and Catherine was invalid. Anne later on recognized that it was urgent that she produce a son. By January of 1534, she was pregnant again, but the child was either miscarried or stillborn. In 1535, she became pregnant again but miscarried by the end of January. The child was reported to have been a boy. The Queen was quite upset, and blamed the miscarriage on her state of mind after audition that Henry had taken a fall in jousting. She had to have known at this point that her failure to produce a living male heir was a threat to her o wn life, especially since the Kings fancy for one of her ladies-in-waiting, Jane Seymour, began to grow. Although Anne gave birth to a girl named Elizabeth, she got executed since she could not produce a male heir so he can come after the king.Jane Seymour- Wife 3In September 1535, the King stayed at the Seymour family home in Wiltshire, England. It may have been there that the king noticed Jane. Henrys love for Jane was secretly made that no one noticed but until February of 1536. By that point, Jane probably pegged to be in a position such as the one Anne was in as a queen, and that she would love to replace her, while Henrys unconcern in Anne was obvious. Within 24 hours of Anne Boleyns execution, Jane Seymour and Henry VIII were formally betrothed. On the 30th of May, Henry and Jane were married. Jane never had a coronation, unlike Henrys previous dickens Queens. King Henry was waiting for Jane to prove herself by giving him a son. It was not until early 1537 that Jane became pregnant. During her pregnancy, Janes every whim was indulged by the King Henry was convinced that Jane, whom he felt to be his first lawful wife, carried his long hoped for son. In October, a prince was born at Hampton Court Palace and was christened on 15th of October. The baby was named Edward. Mary, daughter of Catherine of Aragon, was godmother and Elizabeth, daughter of Anne Boleyn, also played a role in the ceremony. Jane attended her sons christening, although she was weak. She died on October 24th, just cardinal weeks after her son was born.Anne of Cleves- Wife 4Henry VIII remained single for more than two years after his beloved, Jane Seymours death. Maybe he was giving some acceptance to the thought that he lost his previous wife, Jane Seymour. Henrys first marriage had been a outside alliance of sorts, although it is almost certain that the two were truly in love for some time. His next two brides were love matches and Henry could have had little or no monetary or pol itical gain from them. Henry did also want to be sure he was getting a desirable bride, so he had agents in foreign courts report to him on the appearance and other qualities of various candidates. He also sent painters to bring him images of these women. Hans Holbein was sent to the court of the Duke of Cleves, who had two sisters, Amelia and Anne. Holbein painted the sisters of the Duke of Cleves and Henry decided to have a contract drawn up for his marriage to Anne. At the end, Anne was probably smart enough to know that she would only be making trouble for herself if she raised any obstacles to Henrys attempts to annul the marriage. She testified that the match had not been accomplished and that her previous engagement to the son of the Duke of Lorraine had not been properly broken. So at last she got what she wanted, a divorce.Kathryn Howard Wife 5Katherine Parr Wife 6Edward VIMary I (and know as Bloody Mary)Mary Tudor is the daughter of King Henry VIII and Katherine of Arag on, born on February 18, 1516.she was well educated and was able to speak and write in both Latin and French. and she studied theology and history. At age eleven Mary translated a prayer of St Thomas Aquinas from Latin to English and under the tutelage of Katherine Parr knowing to translate Erasmuss Paraphrases of the Gospel of ST John from Latin. One of her hobbies is playing music such as the lute and virginals like pro at an early age. After her set out annulled his marriage to her mother in 1533 this had a heavy hearted affection on Mary. The child that was loved and adored by both of her parents wound up in hostile arguments with her father.Henry became a hard hearted man towards the daughter he was supposed to love and she felt she had to be her mothers champion and stand up for her mothers rights.Katherine eternally made it clear to everyone that she felt that she was the real wife of King Henry VIII and that she would not do anything to endanger her daughters and rightfu l place on the throne.In 1533 her father secret married Anne Boleyn and they soon expected a child. When her half sister Elizabeth was born on September 7th 1533, Marywas proclaimed a shortness of breath and not eligible to inherit the crown. The favor was then passed on to her younger sister.Marys pride was humiliated even further when she was forced to be a wench in waiting to Elizabeth. Anne mistreated Mary and lowered her self esteem by uttering nasty threats at her and even tried to have her own father sentence her to death.Elizabeth TudorHenrys second wife Anne Boleyn gave birth to a daughter named Elizabeth, born on September 7th 1533. When she was a year old an act of succession was passed in her favor, which made her heir to the throne in place of her older sister Mary. In her young life Elizabeth had a number of governesses one of whom was Lady Margaret Bryan who had to beg Cromwell for night gowns and chemises for the princess once she grew out of them. Clothes that had been ordered by the princesses mother Anne Boleyn. When Elizabeth was four Margaret Bryan was transferred to the household to become governess to Prince Edward. Elizabeth was taughtmathematics, history, geography, architecture, needlework, dancing, riding and deportment. Elizabeth spoke and put down Latin, French, Italian, Flemishand Greek. The princess spent most of her child hood in different royal houses in the northern part of London. The first house in Hatfield was a red-brick palace built by Cardinal John Mortor between 1480 and 1497. As a child Elizabeth rarely visited her father at the palace. Henry VIII would get away someone to make inquiries about her health and education. When Elizabeth was eight years old her second cousin Katherine Howard was beheaded for committing adultery which brought back the terrifying way in which her mother died. Henry never intentionally expected her education would prepare her to become Queen.Elizabeth was not beautiful, but she was appeal ing to the eye. She had inherited her fathers red hair and hooklike nose. She inherited her long pale face, pointed chin and witty eyes from her mother. Elizabeth was well composed, well mannered and posed certain gravity and was described as a witty and gentile young lady. She was also a strong minded woman and strived to work hard in everything she did.

Mechanisms of Musculoskeletal Pain

Mechanisms of Musculoskeletal PainMusculo-skeletal injure in the neck is a complex sensation where sensory, affective and cognitive dimensions of suffer alongwith parallel neural networks in brain are associated with constellation of factors. though pain occurs to show protective gesture, but when it surpasses threshold, exerts debilitating effect upon health and triggers sequential physiological and psychological concerns of perilous ramifications. Right from the activation of native afferent nociceptors upto the cortical processing of the pain in the higher regions of the brain, pain trajectory post be dissected into transduction, conduction, synaptic transmission and modulation. Besides, environmental, behavioral and psychological risks tortuous, all these stages of pain sensitivity, severity and analgesic responses are mediated by different effect of genes and genetic variants.Transduction of noxious stimuli is regulated by transient receptor potential cation line of cre dit subfamily M, genus Phallus 8 (TRPM8) and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1) encoded by TRPM8 and TRPA1 genes, which plays an important role in the inhibition of background potassium channels. SCN10A encoded, voltage gated sodium channel Nav1.8 is essential for signal generation in response to cold stimuli. The nociception, due to heat stimulus and red hot chili pepper activates the ion channel TRPV1 and capsaicin receptors. However, TRPV1 excessively regulates the inflammatory pain thresholds, TRPV4, in lodge with TRPV1 and TRPV2, transduces both thermo and mechano-sensations. The pain think transgenic knockout studies offered significant information on the genes that influence pain transduction. (Lacroix-Fralish ML. etal, 2007). Three genes SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A which encode sodium channels are detect to be expressed in sensing neurons. . SCN9A carriers, who have defective Nav1.7 remains pain free, which makes it a novel target for sodium selective analgesic drugs. SCN10A (Nav1.8) is also a significant contributors to the transduction signaling of pain pathway. Though, encoded channel Nav1.8 does not induces action potential but plays a significant role in setting the pain thresholds. SCN11A gets activated, close to the resting membrane potential and mutations in this gene have been associated to the loss of pain perception. Voltage gated sodium channel nociceptors specific genes SCN1A, SCN3A, SCN8A, SCN9A, SCN10A, SCN11A along with potassium channel encoding KCNQ genes play a significant role in nociceptive conduction. Synaptic transmission is regulated by several(prenominal) genes such as GR1N1, GR1N2, GR1A1-4, GR1C1-5, NK1R. more or less voltage gated calcium channels encoding genes, such as CACNA1A-S, CACNA2D1 mediates the neurotransmitter release in the pre-synaptic membrane.Several genes and genetic variants have also been implicated in the central, peripheral and microglial pain modulation. (Foulks an d Wood. 2008). How damage sensing neurons submit input signals regarding the extent and severity of pain to central nervous sytem (CNS) is highly complex. Very many brain areas are involved in sensory discrimination and affective evaluation which determine the nature of pain perception. Genetic variation of COMT gene that encodes catechol-o-methyltransferase regulates the inactivation of catecholamines neurotransmitters and reduced COMT enzymatic activity which leads to increased pain sensitivity and temporal summation of pain (diatchenko L et al. 2005) Decreased adrenalin metabolism due to reduced COMT activity increases pain by dint of the stimulation of 2/ 3-adrenergic receptor antagonist.A few genome wide association studies (GWAS) on musculo-skeletal phenotypes have been carried out which revealed some strongly associated SNPs within CCT5 and FAM173B genes that influence degenerative widespread pain in lumbar spine region. Over the past decade, an intriguing development in c ellular genomics has aroused curiosity of the possibility of miRNA in pain research. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are family of small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression in sequence specific manner. Their non-perfect pairing of 6-8 nucleotides with target mRNA subsequently forming miRNA Induced Silencing Complex (miRISC) for the most part results in translational repression, destabilization of mRNAs and gene silencing. Some miRNAs have been implicated in pain mechanism including neuronal plasticity, neurogenesis, nociceptor excitability, chronic pain conditions and pain threshold. They pore the attention when observed that these miRNAs play an evident role in the conditional deletion in nociceptors of the miRNA producing enzyme, Dicer and blocks inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. The pioneer studies on the role and relevancy of miRNAs in pain demonstrated that miR-134 is modulated in the trigeminal ganglion in response to inflammatory pain. BDNF triggered miR-132 is upregulatedin cortical neurons which is identified as modulation of nociception signaling. miRNA Let-7 that target -opiod receptors plays significant influence on the opioid tolerance in mice. Activity regulated miR-188 is a significant player of synaptic plasticity tuning. Dysregulation of miR-29a/b is associated with structural plasticity in psycho-stimulant exposure. In the traumatized spinal injury miR-219 is downregulated 7 days after contusion whereby sciatic nerve ligation induces an up-regulation of this miRNA. In chronic pain miR-124 down regulates in abaxial root ganglion neurons in inflammatory muscle as well as in sciatic nerve crush.Researchers are instrumental in understanding the epigenetic mechanisms in relation to pain causation and alleviation. Epigenetic modifications play significant role in cytokine metabolism, neurotransmitter release and response, analgesic sensitivity and central sensitization. Changes in chromatin structure may lead to acute to chronic pin transition. Prior priming (sensitization) of spinal microglia with initial inflammatory challenge, subsequent challenges create enhanced pain intensity and duration. effectuate of neonatal pain experience relates to adult pain sensitivity where they exhibit spinal neuronal circuits with increased input and segmental changes in nociceptive primary afferent axons and enhanced or altered pain stimulation. Histone modifications, a significant epigenetic mechanism which may alter the gene expression of pain is highly associated with glutamate decarboxylase (Gad2), Shal related subfamily member 3 (Kcnd3), melting CpG binding protein 2 (Mecp2), potassium voltage gated channels, oprin 1, Scn9a Genes. Histone acetylation and DNA methylation have also been implicated in chronic pain conditions. Though an epigenetic alteration in relation to the risk of pain is in infancy but in near future, such knowledgeable musings will unravel several novel targets for analgesic drugs and pr until nowtive modalities. Brain does more than understanding and responding to pain irrespective of sensory inputs and even in the absence of external inputs. Why even cordectomy or anesthetic blocks of sympathetic ganglia do not stop phantom limb pain? Pain genetics have the capacity to enrich us of several such intricate and unforeseen consequences involved with pain etiology, risk factors and variable analgesia. In future, investigation of relevant genomic sequences has many revelations in store for us, by which we will be able to regulate or control pain by switching on or off various genes that causes it.

William Blake uses this poem in order to convey a message to the :: English Literature

William Blake uses this verse form in order to convey a pith to theaudience regarding clawhood. He does this by using various literaryand linguistic approaches throughout this piece of writing.The reader can depict that there are both voices used in this poem andthey have been presented in a creative way. Blake has chosen to writesix stanzas the first three in the voice of a child, and the secondthree in the voice of himself. In the first three stanzas, Blakedemonstrates contrasts between the feelings of the child. The firststanza is written in the first person narrative, which gives the texta more personal effect.I love to rise in the summer morning timeThis opening line of this poem shows the reader the enthusiasm sharedby the child. The abstract noun love immediately gives the poem emotion. Its shows exaggeration and gives the reader a pictorial imageof how the child would rise in the summer morn. However, this happyemotion is contradicted in the second and third stanzas. The authoruses lexical choices such as sighing, dismay, and drooping whichshows the reader that the emotions of the voice in the opening stanzashave been change and the atmosphere is no longer pleasant like instanza one.Blake uses dickens settings in which the scene is set in this poem. Thefirst stanza reveals the scene as organism set in the outdoor. Referencesare made to birds, winds and sings which are all thingsassociated with happiness and the outdoors. These are dynamic verbsused to help emphasise the atmosphere and to what extent the childlikes it.The second and third stanzas reveal the scene of being at school, in aclassroom.But to go to school on a summer mornThis shows us that the child is expressing his feelings towards hisschool life. The connective But gives the reader the impression ofuncertainty and hesitation, which strengthens the fact that the childdoes not enjoy school. The mood of the poem all of a sudden changes and thereader is made aware of the fact that the c hild does not enjoy theprocess in which he is educated.Various contrasts are made throughout the poem to symbolise thecontrasting feelings of the child when in the outdoors compared towhen at school.I love to rise in a summer morn is contrasting to at times Idrooping sitThe author has used opposing verbs in these lines, which shows thedifference between what the child voice feels towards two differentsettings. These two sentences give the reader the impression that thechild is eager to get up in the mornings to explore the outdoors

Androgyny in the Characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay -- GCSE

Androgyny in the Characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth In her book, Woman and Gender in Renaissance Tragedy, Dympna Callaghan addresses the presentation of women in Elizabethan England, stating that women were distinctly socially subordinate, and the preponderance of discourse on the gender hierarchy was misogynistic (Callaghan 12). According to Marianne L. Novy in Loves Argument Gender Relations in Shakespeare Woman seems to be associated with qualities - emotions, fears, - one has against ones will, and man with a preferable mode of existence. Men are exhorted to be men, and women, quickenfully or seriously, often attempt to imitate men (Novy 198). While men and women were born different, it was societys handling of their distinguishing sexual traits that defined them either as masculine, and thus in a position of power, or as feminine and unable to challenge male authority. more than of the literature composed in Elizabethan England reflects, whether deliberately or inadver tently, the gender inequities cited by Callaghan, Novy, and others. In William Shakespeares Macbeth, the dynamics of the marriage between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth involve a mutual striving towards manhood as a result of misplaced gender traits in each. Shakespeare develops the androgyny of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, and this becomes the basis for the offenses they commit in the play. both(prenominal) characters achieve a position of power and authority through the use of their masculine characteristics, but their feminine characteristics make their gains tenuous and ultimataly cause their downfall. Throughout the play Shakespeare presents the feminine traits within Macbeth as the characteristics that mark him as a flawed man. When Macbeth says... ...speare. Chapel Hill The University of North Carolina Press, 1984 5. Ussher, Jane. Womens Madness Misogyny or Mental nausea?. Amherst University of Massachusetts Press, 1991 6. Williams, Juanita. Psychology of Women. New York W.W. No rton & Company, 1987 WORKS REFERENCED 1. Belsey, Catherine. The Subject of Tragedy. London Methuen, 1985 2. Biggins, Dennis. Sexuality, Witchcraft, and Violence in Macbeth. Shakespeare Studies VII (1975) 3. Gilligan, Carol. In a Different Voice mental Theory and Womens Development. Cambridge Harvard University Press, 1982 4. Hogrefe, Pearl. Tudor Women Commoners and Queens. Ames Iowa State University Press, 1975 5. Howells, John, ed. World History of Psychiatry. New York Brunner/Mazel, 1975 6. Millett, Kate. Sexual Politics. New York Ballantine Books, 1987

Correlation between 8th grade mathematic CMT scores and mathematic CAPT

Correlation between 8th grade mathematic CMT score and mathematic CAPT scores IntroductionStandardized testing, specifically high-stakes testing, has become a topic of debate for many years. High-stakes testing is associated with states that require successful performance on a standardized test for graduation, an exit exam. Is this the trend in public education? As an educator in computerized axial tomography, should I expect high-stakes testing in the future?The State of Connecticut Legislature created a statue (Section 10-14n) that mandates statewide standardized testing for students in 4th, 6th, 8th and tenth grade. The tests assess performance tasks and a throttle of specific skills, which are aligned with the Connecticut Common Core of Learning and National Standards. Students are evaluated against that set of specific skills, not each other (Connecticut conquest run Program Overview 14). In 4th, 6th and 8th grade, students take the Connecticut Mastery Test (CMT) and the C onnecticut Academic Performance Test (CAPT) is administered in 10th grade. The movement for standardized testing began in 1985 with the CMT and the testing trend continued with CAPT in 1994. The State of Connecticut touts the purposes of the tests are to monitor student progress, identify students for remediation, to boost accountability and equitability between/within school districts and to improve instruction/curriculum. Until 2001, the tests were not supposed to be used as tool for promotion or graduation. In the 2001, school districts were mandated to create a specific set of criteria for graduation, with CAPT as one component but not the sole component (Connecticut Assessment Performance Test Overview 8). If the trend continues, Connecticut will have ... ...ment of Education. 2003. Connecticut Assessment Performance Test Program Overview. Dec. 2004 ct.us/public/der/s-t/testing/capt/2004_capt_program_overview.pdf.Connecticut State Department of Education. 2003. Connecticu t Mastery TestProgram Overview. Dec. 2004 /s-t/testing/ cmt/cmt_program_overview_may_2004.pdf.Connecticut State Department of Education. 2003. Strategic School Profile. Dec. 2004 .McMillan, James H. The Relationship Between Instructional ad classroom Assessment Practices of Elementary Teachers and Student Scores on High-Stakes Test. Jan. 2003. Virginia Commonwealth University. Dec. 2004 storage_01/0000000b/80/28/04/d0.pdf.

My Town :: essays papers

My Town To give you a better view of My Town, I will perch him atop the highest point of the some-kind-of-wonderful city of Hillside The Giza pyramid-shaped pile of garbage majestically sitting in the town dump. The movie theater is to the west a neon-pink fluorescent sign frames this weeks shows Th Bach, raft out 3, and y of Th Bholdr. Teenage employees relinquish all responsibility for the missing Es. A makeshift lemonade stand is set up a forefend away. Sometimes, its determined entrepreneurs, the set of five-year-old twins, Brooke and Blake Sim unmatchable like to mix their drink of choice with extra flavoring, such as leaves, rocks, and the occasionally, yet classic family of ants. Needless to say, the single dime in their yellow Teletubbie coin box has not multiplied since their first day of business. The strip mall to the north has been replaced by Car Max, the automobile superstore. Unfortunately, the abundance of cars has not, in fact, improved anyones driving force skills, or lack of them. Further west is Proviso West High School the peeling, forest-green painted fence that protects the school grounds failed to prevent kleptomaniacs from stealing seven car stereos from the parking lot last December. The football field behind the school patiently waits with its freshly mowed green splendor for the team of big, burly boys (and one girl) to actually win a game. At 530 AM, a shivering Student Council vice-president with the intent to do extra work trudges the perimeter of the edifice, praying for an undefendable door to a building that doesnt like to be occupied outside of the normal school hours. Psychologically, two opposing beliefs surface for why I stargaze of dancing sugarplums and college diplomas rather than a pin on my Dairy Queen hat that reads Employee of the Month. A child is either influenced by his surroundings and peers or repelled into the opposition direction. As a magnet gone a rye, I am thankful that Hillside has not influenced me to blend in with the crowd neither the cemetery across the street from school nor the various monument and flower shops entice me to- pardon my morbidity- just drop dead. The strategically located bowling alley down the block does not tempt me to ditch school. Certainly, the smell of the garbage dump has turned me off to the wide-eyed world of garbage disposal and handicapped my nose, thus lowering me into giving a hoot.

The Importance of the Sea in The Awakening Essay -- Chopin Awakening

The Importance of the Sea in The Awakening Throughout her novel, The Awakening, Kate Chopin uses symbolism and imagery to portray the important characters emergence into a state of spiritual awareness. The image that appears the most throughout the novel is that of the sea. Chopin uses the sea to symbolize freedom, freedom from others and freedom to be ones self (Martin 58). The protagonist, Edna Pontellier, wants that freedom, and with images of the sea, Chopin shows Ednas waken desire to be free and her ultimate achievement of that freedom. Ednas awakening begins with her vacation to the beach. There, she meets Robert Lebrun and develops an intense infatuation for him, an infatuation similar to those which she had in her youth and gave up when she married. The aflame feelings beginning to overwhelm her are both confusing and exciting. They lead to Edna beginning to ponder what her life is like and what she is like as a person. The spell of the sea influences these feelings which invite the soul . . . to lose itself in mazes of inward contemplation (Chopin 57). Edna begins to fall under the seas spell and begins to evaluate her feelings about the life that she has. During the summer of Ednas awakening, the seas influence increases as she learns how to swim, an event which holds much more significance that her fellow vacationers realize. To her friends, she has accomplished a simple feat to Edna, she has accomplished a miracle (Showalter 114). She has found a peace and quiet in swimming which gives her the feeling of freedom. The narrator tells us that as she swims, she seems to be reaching out for the unlimited in which to lose herself (Chopin 74). She sees the freedom t... ...ms out into the ocean for the final time, she finds her ultimate freedom. In the end, the sea symbolizes freedom for Edna. It will never treat her as a possession like her husband has for so umteen years. It will not demand all of her time and attention as her children do . It will never abandon her as Robert does. It will enfold her in its soft, tightlipped embrace (Chopin 176) and allow her to experience the vast array of feelings that her life has forbidden her to do. The sea will allow her to be free. Works Cited and Consulted Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. 1899. The Complete Works of Kate Chopin. Ed. Per Seyersted. he-goat Rouge Louisiana State UP, 1969. 881-1000. Martin, Wendy, ed. New Essays on the Awakening. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1988. Showalter, Elaine. Tradition and the Female Talent The Awakening as a Solitary Book. 1993