A Farewell to Modernism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Farewell to Modernism - Essay Example The researcher of this essay "Modernism of Art" aims to explore the work of Jack Ryan in the context of modernism. Castelli is more remembered as one of the core founders of modern art and contributed a lot in nurturing young talents that enhanced modernism of art. Jack Ryan has for years perfected his art in creating unique modern. In looking at Jack Ryan’s work, one could appreciate the effect modernism of art has on the observers. For instance, the picture is one could clearly marvel at his work and appreciate how modernism has taken toll of the market. In today’s world, many artists have started relying on the use of media like the internet to market their art works. Jack Ryan is an excellent example of an artist practicing modernism in art through inclusion of objects or art work associated with the modern age. For instance, the picture provides an iconic feeling of sophistication. He uses random numbers on the upper part of his art work making one to think of what he intended to convey. Furthermore, it results to confusion when he the picture conveys a number of cubic drawings which drawings that resemble speakers. The object provides a feeling of an amorphous creation which no one is able to understand, which is, out of the blue drawing. It is an original work since no one has ever seen such a creation in the normal. Such a drawing creates a deep sense of anxiety and wondering what the artists could have thought or implied to convey while making such an iconic art piece.

Leadership Theories and Organisational Direction

Leadership Theories and Organisational Direction Management leadership style matters a lot in deciding fate of an organisation. These styles are reflected in both long term and short term strategies of the company. Considering the importance of management and leadership style lot of theorist came up with their philosophies. Some of them consider charismatic personality of leader the key to success while other considers team work the best solution. This report is being produced for the directors of NEWG to explain various management and leadership concepts. It shows how these theories can affect working of an organization and can play a decisive role in the achievement of organisational objectives. If applied in relevance to the needs of organization can lead to ultimate success. Leadership Theories and Organizational Direction Every organisation is setup with some objectives in mind. It can be profit earning, charity, law enforcing or voluntary, whatever the objective it reflects in the policies of an organisation. Leadership sets the direction for an organisation and management ensures to implement policies that lead organisations to achieve set goals. Keeping in mind aims of organisation different management theories can be adapted to support core objectives that set the style of management in an organization. Transformational Leadership Theory Initially developed by James McGregor Burns in the decade of 1970, the theory gained a lot of popularity among business world. This theory has four constituents i.e. charismatic personality, encouragement through motivation, intelligent inspiration and personalized attention. Being charismatic means leader has qualities that attract people around him. It can be leaders personality, sex appeal, style of communication, vibrant, robust and authoritative presence. Take an example of Martin Luther King, an activist and strong American leader who stood for the African American civil right cause. Such leadership with their excellent communication skills persuade people for change. They bring the idea that existing system is not helping them reduce their problems and they need to adopt new strategies. They motivate people to think differently, create new ways of doing things that is where the word transformational comes from. Such leaders show a lot of care for people; focus on their needs and touch their concerns. This way they try to win hearts of their followers, because change is a difficult thing to grasp. People feel relaxed in their old environments and it is utmost difficult to change someones habits. This needs a lot of effort and commitment without which it would be impossible to bring about change. Having good personality, vision, inspiration through motivation and personal attention to audience are excellent traits for a good leader. This helps wining sympathies of people who will then work whole heartedly to achieve objectives. This strategy is especially very effective when an existing system is not working very well and there is need to change. But for this system to work, leadership should have very good knowledge and understanding of the environment in which organisation is operating. This is era of information and if the leadership is not aware of all that is happening in the surrounding it cannot persuade people. Second thing that needs consideration is that leader should understand different situations and proceed accordingly because actions which are suitable for one environment need not be the best fit in some other surroundings. Thirdly facts alone will not help changing minds of the people but the leadership should have very good communication skills to convey thei r idea. Last but not least taking people into consideration is another important factor because nothing can be achieved without contribution of followers. To achieve sympathies of people, one needs to show concern and sympathy with them, coordinate with them on personal terms. Change is a painful thing and majority of people resist change. In order for a venture to be successful the most important requirement is that people are ready to adopt change which is only possible if they understand that the person in-charge of change i.e. leadership has a heart to feel their concerns. Otherwise merciless change will face strong resistance and will not achieve its ultimate goal. This is excellent, cost effective theory of management that can be applied at Milky Bits and workings on the principles of transformational theory company can achieve faith, loyalty and hearts of workers that would enormously improve the efficiency in Milky Bits. Transactional Leadership Theory As described by Bernard M. Bass in 1981, transactional leadership is based on performance reward. Tasks are assigned to the employees and if they are successful they are rewarded else punished, i.e. transaction, exchange as a result of performance. Rather than relying on the concept of motivation as described in transformational theory it brings about the idea of incentive and penalty. It develops kind of relationship between leader and follower that is doing as directed. If an employee performs his / her task meeting the deadline, within budget and as per directives of its manager, employee will get benefits. If the employee somehow misses to achieve what was required, he would be punished. This is an extreme type of relationship and shows reactive approach of management. This theory is focused on authority of manager who sets the rewards / punishments for short term goals. In order to work it effectively the manager should clearly identify tasks that are in line with the overall objectives of organisation and provide sufficient resources to member of staff while assigning tasks. Manager should have enough authority and control to reward or punish subordinates and he should continually monitor the actions of subordinates. According to the theory, employees have single objective for job i.e. to get incentive that is mainly in the form of financial benefits but it could be something else like recognition or promotion etc. Enticements are the most powerful driver for workers to concentrate on their tasks; hence carefully designed target incentive system can improve workers output in Milky Bits. Although it is a short term solution, because if used permanently it can develop a culture where no one will work without clear incentives, but it can bring good results if managers succeed to clearly identify tasks that lead to ultimate objectives. Assign these tasks to the relevant employee, provide them with all sufficient resources and give them proper training. It can produce excellent results for Milky Bits, which is growing organisation, in very short period of time. Charismatic Theory German sociologist Max Weber in 1920 introduced Charismatic Theory that revolves around personality that has traits to attract followers. These could be natural God gifted attributes that sets them apart from general public like their family / religious background, their sex appeal, their vision and dynamism of their personality. Besides that some qualities can be learnt like good analytical and communication skills. Without having authority or powers gathers people around him, as a matter of fact charismatic leader uses the power of people. Such leaders have the ability to understand mood of people and design their acts accordingly. People blindly faith and follow their leader which is great achievement for any leader. Later on Conger and Kanungo in 1998 described Charismatic Leader is one having attributes of vision and communication, compassion to the environment, care to the needs of people, risk-taker and doing un-usual things. Hence charismatic leader should have the ability to foresee the future i.e. vision. He should be able to effectively communicate with people because if he has some ideas but cannot convince the general public it would be waste. He should understand the environment in which he is working because different situations need different form of action. Charismatic leader should understand feelings and needs of the people for this he should involve with the people, understand and realise their problems and understand their requirements. Without strong understanding of peoples issues it is difficult to motivate them. Leader is torch bearer of change, in this respect this theory is closely linked with transformational theory, but change is a difficult phenomenon. First of all peop le normally have strong resistance for change and secondly you can anticipate to some extent but nobody is cent per cent sure about the outcome of change. Things can go wrong at point, for this very reason a leader should be bold risk taker. Leader is a person who takes unexpected decisions at critical times because difficult situations need tough decisions. Ordinary people dont expect such decisions to be taken; hence Conger and Kanungo added risk taker and un-usual decision maker as the traits of charismatic theory of leadership. This theory could prove to be very effective in certain kind of situations. When there is need of some strong decision and there is no time to negotiate with people. If such decisions come from a person whom everyone trusts, gives respect and has blind faith in him it would be easy to implement such decisions. It is a cost effective solution as people following their leaders merely on the basis of their followership. This means you dont need to give them incentives to do something rather they are doing most of the things voluntarily. But this needs a very strong personality having all the traits to win hearts of people. This can prove to be successful, effective and cost efficient method of management at Milky Bits. Contingency Theory Earliest contingency theory presented by Fiedler suggests that that there is no ideal way of organizing things. Different type of actions needs to be taken in different situations. This theory is different from other theories based on characteristics of leaders or reward system and focuses on the situational aspects. It describes that management decision are affected by various factors like working environment, kind of task at hand and position of the manager at that very time. When taking some decision it is wise to understand the surrounding and visualise the impact of certain actions that could affect the entire process. It is also important to consider nature of task, like if something is very important and time bound it would need different strategy than one needed to perform routine tasks. Also important to consider is the power position of manager because in organisations there are lot of ups and downs. If manger is not in authoritative position or feels he would face bitter criticism he should avoid taking hard decisions. Verbal meaning of the word contingency is something that is cause by some other incident but in this theory it suggests line of action taken by management keeping in view environment created by people working in a certain situation. Although it is exceptional theory to deal with certain awkward situations it heavily relies on streamlining actions with the group environment. Its success largely depends on exposure and willingness of group member to put their efforts for the achievement of organisational objectives. It is very useful idea to tailor acts according to situations in order to get maximum benefits of situation rather than sticking with strict and static policies. Managers at Milky Bits should be trained to respond different situations accordingly. This will help improve companys performance and take corrective decisions at the time of need. This will help avoiding conflicts between management and employees and further to avoid any untoward situation creating chaos in the working environment. Situational Theory This theory presented by Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hersey suggests that managers should use different styles depending upon situations. Manager should have strong ability to analyse different situations. They should understand capability of their subordinates and keeping in view the existing circumstances, managers behaviour could be different with the same person at different times. According to Blanchard and Hersey leadership style is characterized by extent of support and direction given by manager to subordinates. At stage 1 manager defines the roles and responsibilities of employees, assigns tasks to them and then closely supervises or monitors them. In this scenario choices are made by manger hence most of the communication is one-way. Employees are committed to do their tasks diligently but they need direction and support from their seniors. At 2nd stage manager still defines roles and responsibilities but with consultation of sub-ordinates. Communication is somehow two-way. Employees are competent in their area of expertise but lack commitment so supervision is needed. Manager takes their consultation which increases their confidence and sense of being involved makes them more committed. At level 3 leaders focus less on tasks and more on relations, they discuss situations with their sub-ordinates and leave them with their strategy to do the tasks. This technique works with employees who are competent enough to do the tasks independently but due to lack of confidence need support of their superiors. Level 4 is a stage where sub-ordinate has both competence and commitment, so manager although has authority and control on decisions delegates these to the sub-ordinates. Sub-ordinate himself takes decisions and has total control of project / task. It is up to him to involve manager or not. Effective managers use these level as and when required at particular stages. There is no set pattern but only innovative capability of manager decides which path to take in a particular scenario. Such a policy could be helpful for Milky Bits as it will help managers understand capabilities of their staff and assign tasks to them accordingly. It will also benefit the organisation in staff development by following different levels giving them appropriate guidance and support building confidence on them that will help them work independently on upcoming tasks. Vroom and Yettons Normative Model Vroom and Yetton suggested Narrative Model as There are number of alternatives to deal with any situation. Leader should have the ability to select the best option in any situation. It also proposes that while selecting the best possible course of action willingness of employees should also be given weight. This theory assumes that acceptance of decision increases its effectiveness and commitment. Also willingness of employees adds to the acceptance of decisions taken by managers. Vroom and Yetton also identified decision procedures as follows. Firstly manager uses his own exposure to take decision; this strategy is useful if acceptability among employees is not very important, manager has enough knowledge and exposure about the subject area, secondly manager seeks information from his sub-ordinates and then takes decision; this is useful when manager does not have enough information and needs enough first hand information, thirdly manager shares problem with sub-ordinates individually, seeks their opinion to reach some decision; this is useful when some of the employees have expert knowledge of the subject domain that will help manager reaching a good decision; fourthly discusses the issues with sub-ordinates in groups to come at conclusion; when all the employees have same level of knowledge and manager intends to benefit from their knowledge and tries to bring harmony in his team members and fifthly puts these issues before sub-ordinates as a group and bases his decision on the consensus of employees; this strategy targe ts on the acceptance of employees more than the quality of decision taken. One wrong decision taken at critical stage can be decisive for an organization. Management at Milky Bits should be given appropriate training to deal with such situations that will help the organization to come out beneficent at the time of crisis. Tri-Dimensional Leadership Theory (Yukl) Yukls tri-dimensional theory suggests that there is no set course of action which will be successful in all the circumstances. It is management and leadership who decide what action to take at a particular time. It heavily relies on effectiveness and efficiency, human resource relations and innovation adaptation. If managements focus is effectiveness and efficiency, its strategy will be task-oriented. To improved efficiency first step is that everyone should know his roles and responsibilities, what is expected of him / her. This clear cut job assignment will help an employee concentrate on his job and facilitate managers to evaluate employees performance. This will improve sense of responsibility and employees will be more focused on their job roles which will improve their effectiveness and efficiency. In case of human resource relations, strategy will be relations-oriented. Management will try to build good relations with employees in order to come closer with them, understand their views and negotiate with them. This helps management obtain 1st hand knowledge of employees problems and come up with solutions that will win the hearts of employees. This involvement of employees and their participation in decision making will help them do their tasks with more motivation and achieve organisational goals and objectives. Innovative and adaptation style is required when an organization is in need of change. Management will sort out new ways of doing things. Change is the only constant thing in nature, internal external factors both influence an organisation to change its strategies to survive and thrive in business. This needs strong thinking and analysis followed by careful decision making. This theory suggests that leaders should be able to analyse the situations and they should be flexible enough to meld their strategies accordingly. Leaders should have strong analytical and diagnostic qualities to determine strategy most relevant to situation. New Leadership Strategy Reviewing all research and findings of previous theorists and being student of Strategic Management Leadership if I am asked to develop my own strategy, I would suggest following 3 points. Leadership should have strong knowledge of subject area and exceptional relationship with their followers. Motivate followers combining organisational objectives with the goals of individuals. Give them respect reward. Management should always have plan B to work around un-acceptable situations and they should involve sub-ordinates to prepare these contingency plans. Leadership should lead by example, their words will worth more if they themselves follow what they ask their followers to do. No strategy will work if followers are un-satisfied. Respect and financial gains are instinct for every human being. It should be made sure that employees benefit from prosperity of organisation. Business world is ever-changing, stagnant policies and leadership will suffer in this dynamic environment so leadership should be innovative enough to counter these challenges. If possible leadership should involve followers in policy changes.

Essay --

Written around 1606, Macbeth is recognized as one of Shakespeare’s greatest works. Macbeth deals with the downfall of the title character Macbeth as he falls from a respected, decorated soldier to a despised, tyrannical monarch. This fall from grace is accompanied by the motif of darkness. Darkness serves to set the ominous and superstitious tone of the story, foreshadows events, and is used as a symbolic device. One of the uses of darkness is to establish the dark and mysterious tone. One example of darkness being used to establish tone is when Lennox notes of the â€Å"unruly night.† (Act 2, Scene 3) Lennox also points out that â€Å"the chimmneys were blown down†, meaning there were odd wind patterns, and that the â€Å"obscure bird†, meaning owl, often associated with darkness, was noisy all night. This quote shows the eerie events that happen at night and associates the darkeness of night with mysterious happenenings. Another use of darkness for tone is when Lady Macbeth mentions it when she decides that she would help Macbeth do the necessary dirty work to take the throne after reading his letter to her. While she calls upon the dark spirits to strip away her feminity she also says â€Å"†¦nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark To cry â€Å"Hold, hold!†Ã¢â‚¬  (Act 1, Scene 5) In this quote Lady Macbeth is also using darkness metaphorically as a way that she and her husband can keep their ambitions secret and how the darkness serves as a cover so that no one can see them commit the murder. The secrecy that the Macbeths desire helps add to the dark tone of the story. In both these quotes, darkness establishes the enigmatic and cryptic tone that dominates the play. In addition, darkness is used to ... ...l things since she decided to help Macbeth become king. It is a vain attempt to keep herself in a good light even though she has done many bad things. While it physically keeps her in a bright state, it cannot take the darkness out of her heart. This struggle adds to her insanity. In this scene darkness and light represent good and evil as they often do in many stories. Darkness is one of the more prominent motifs in Macbeth. It establishes the tone, foreshadows events in the story, and is used as a symbolic device. When its uses are put together darkness helps show us the theme. Macbeth is a tragedy, creully showing how fearless ambition can have disastrous effects. One cannot get so far without suffering some consequences. Sometimes all the work put in just isn’t worth the price you pay. And unfortunately for Macbeth it him cost everything.

Green Mountain Resort

1. Which of the six change images discussed in this chapter can be identified in the assumptions about managing turnover that were held by †¢ Gunter? †¢ The hospitality literature? †¢ The consultant? The change image that can identified in assumptions about manager turnover would have to start with change image #2. This particular change image the change manager as navigator. Gunter wanted to be able to control the actual turnover rate that where happening within his organization. Gunter seen the turnover as being a bad look for the company.In most cases I would also agree that a high turnover rate can be less attractive to employees. â€Å"In the navigator image, control is still seen as at the heart of management action, although a variety of factors external to managers mean that while they may achieve some intended change outcomes, others will occur over which they have little control† . So Gunter wanted to be the navigator in this situation so that he can t ake control of the turnovers. No matter the changes Gunter tried to make he was unable to lower turnover rates.Gunter offer one of the top training available to employees and they all would leave to go on to bigger and better position and they took the training and knowledge of the hospitality system from Gunter’s hospitality organization. The change image that the consultant had was change image number where the change manager was the coach. Since Gunter had tried all he could to change the organization the consultant came in as a coach to help Gunter find a way to turn things around. The way the consultant was able to do was coaching Gunter through the turnover process ensuring him that these turnover can be seen as positive.The consultant expressed to Gunter that he had to look at thing differently and he help Coach Gunter through that. Allowing him to see that his organization was creating wonderful employees who were able to move forward to bigger organization in higher roles. 2. How did these assumptions influence prescriptions for dealing with â€Å"the turnover problem†? These assumption help influence the prescription for dealing with turnovers by open the eyes of Gunter to see what his organization has to offer to employees.It helped Gunter see that his organization was a top training organization and that they presented employees with the opportunity to gain a lot of knowledge with the opportunity to move forward in their careers at a fast pace. 3. Choose another change image and apply it to â€Å"the turnover problem. † To what new insights does it lead? Another change image that could be applied to the turnover problem would be Image 5: Change Manger as interpreter. The particular change image help manager make sense of the current change. So that they may be able to understand the necessary change.The high turnover meant that the organization has prepare their employees to take on bigger challenges. â€Å"The interpreter ima ge is present in Karl Wieck’s 47 sense-making theory of organizational change. He suggests that a central focus is needed on the structuring processes and flows through which organizational work occurs. Adopting the latter perspective leads one to see organizations as being in an ongoing state of accomplishment and re-accomplishment with organizational routines constantly undergoing adjustments to better fit changing circumstances†.It may not make sense at first but being able to interpret why he turnover has happened and what positive has come out of the situation. The turnover made the organization one of the top prospective companies for other resorts to look to gain new employees from because of the high level training program. 4. What conclusions do you draw from this about the statement at the start of the chapter that â€Å"if we only draw upon one particular frame, then this will take us away from thinking about what is going on from an alternative perspectiveà ¢â‚¬ ?This is a very powerful statement and what it make me think of is being closed minded. It says to me that if you focus only on one statement or one area then it limits you from seeing the other things that are going on around. By having tunnel vision an individual or group can miss out on some of the most important things occurring around them. We have to know how to think outside of the box not just think about the things within that box.

Different Thinking Between Generations Essay

Young people usually think differently than older people. Each generation doesn’t think the same way in their values, their goals, their fears, or their hopes. I always have to argue with my parents when we have different thinking. It seems that older people always think negatively about young people’s ideas. They don’t want to change because they have never experienced those ideas in their young life. I sometimes feel uncomfortable and misunderstand my parents’ thinking. In my idea, each generation has their own thinking about the subject as living together without marriage, studying at school, and living style. Older people are very strict about the topic: living together without marriage, but young people think that is the way to find out the best spouse for their life. For example, a woman was punished if she was caught that living with a man who wasn’t her husband. My parents think that is the bad girl. Everybody stayed away from her because she did the worst things ever in the social’ standards. Now is different because I think that is normal. Most of my friends are living with their boy/girl-friends in the same house nowadays. In the modern world, young people are more concentrating on finding their perfect half, so they live together before getting married to know each other well. I heard most couples were getting married with people arranged for them in the past. Now, we have freedom in thinking, so young people want to find their best spouses more than living with the person arranged from their parents. The difference in thinking about this subject always makes me to f eel argumentative with my parents. In the past, older people concentrated on studying at school, but young people don’t think they will successful in future by going to school only. For example, my parents and I always have differences in thinking about my studying. They always want me to finish my college quickly and get good grades to find a good job. I tried to convince them that most companies nowadays require more experience than a degree from college. I know the importance of getting business degree which will give me a shot to apply for a large corporation. If I don’t have any experiences in business, I can’t pass the job interview even I have good grade at school. In my parents’ time, the economy was stable and developed, so most of the companies wanted to hire more people. They cared about quantity more than quality, so they didn’t put many requirements for hiring employers. Now, time changes because the economic is going down to the lowest level. All of the companies are hiring only experienced and skilled employers. That is the reason for me to work and study half and half. My parents don’t realize that and they keep expecting me to finish my study to get a job. That is their only thinking, and we always have a fight every time when my parents talk about this subject, because of the difference in thinking between my parents and me. The biggest difference between young people and older people is living style. My parents and I have different thinking about using money for living. In my parents’ past, my country had a war and has just gotten independence since 1975. Everybody was poor and starveling, my parents worked hard to earn money when they were very young. They learnt that saving money is very important because they needed to survive during the country’s hard time. At my time, the country is developing and the society was improved. People make more money than before, but my parents still keep their own thinking that they should save money as much as they can. When I spend money on shopping, hanging out, or playing games, they blame me that I am wasting money. I explained many times that the country is developing, and my parents should spend more money to enjoy their life. They don’t think that is good idea and keep saying to me that I need to save money. In contrast, each generation has difference in thinking from each other in any subject. My parents always remind me to get a good wife and shouldn’t live with other girls if I don’t plan to marry her. They usually complain me that I should study hard and finish my study, and they often warn me to save money. In my opinion, I think differently because my parents’ thoughts are no longer suitable to the modern world.

What Led to the Renaissance Essays

What Led to the Renaissance Essays What Led to the Renaissance Paper What Led to the Renaissance Paper The Renaissance is the coined term for a period of rebirth that spread throughout Europe between the 14th and 16th centuries (Brotton, 28). All forms of knowledge, art, and expression manifested into new directions and aspirations. It was a major building block in the advancement of human thought. The Renaissance focused on learning through natural sciences and newfound knowledge rather than accepting older teachings (Brotton, 39). It fostered curiosity and innovation in many industries and aspects of life. In a sense, it was a new chapter or book in our human history index. The Renaissance also paved the way for the Protest Reformation to eventually occur (Brotton, 101). There are many factors that led the Renaissance to occur. It was a combination of the Crusades and the Mongols expansion that began under Genghis Khan that led to the fruition of the Renaissance. The Crusades brought the two worlds of Islam and Christianity in a manner like never before. The death toll of the Crusades varies among academia between one and five million people (Madden, 172). Besides all the bloodshed, the Crusades allowed Europeans to rediscover new forms of art, expressions, and ways of life. Europe became too involved in their feudal and monarchy type systems. They had forgotten the importance of the arts and sciences and were more focused on building fortunes and spreading salvation. Europeans, by way of the Crusades, were astonished at the advancements of the Muslim world and sought to learn and capitalize from it (Madden, 156). The Abassid Empire, the Muslim empire, stored the knowledge of past civilizations and continued to utilize them (Madden, 158). Greek and Roman teachings on mathematics, anatomy, medicine, biology, physics, and more were protected by the Abassid Empire (Madden, 159). These ancient Greek and Roman teachings that disappeared during the Middle Ages were brought back to Europe and inspired a new wave of thought (Weatherford, 116). This newly acquired lost knowledge set up the foundation for the creation and advancement of scientific knowledge, exploration tools, mathematical findings, and so much more. The first mechanical clock, the pendulum, eye glasses, the printing press, flushing toilets, the microscope, the compass, the telescope, lateen sails and even submarines are all inventions of the Renaissance age (Brotton, 120-144). However if it were not for the conquests and expansion of the Mongol empire that began under Genghis Khan, the Renaissance would likely not have manifested as it did (Brotton, 84). It would have likely taken much longer and who knows how different the outcome could have been. At its peak, the Mongol empire controlled most of Russia, China, landlocked Asia, Mesopotamia, and Eastern Europe (Brotton, 39). The trade routes established by the Mongols were unprecedented and vital to the lifeline and future of new developments by our world (Brotton, 55). In short, it picked up where the Crusades left off and brought these ideas and items into motion. Major cities like Baghdad, Hangzhou, and Istanbul, were pillars of advancement and cultural strength. These cities and many more were conquered by the Mongols (Brotton, 39). With their empire eventually extending to as far as Venice, all types of intercultural communication and trade occurred (Brotton, 41). This mixing of cultures led to newfound ideas in many facets of life. All this setting the stage for the Renaissance. The Crusades, the Mongol’s empire and trade routes, and the Renaissance, were a natural progression of events that each led to major societal changes. It’s most appropriate to credit the Crusades for inspiring the initial interests and desires that sparked the Renaissance. However, it was the Mongols that brought the Renaissance to actuality by connecting countries and cultures through conquests like never before. It’s difficult to say which is more responsible, one is ideologically responsible and another is infra-structurally responsible. Both played vital, but different, roles that set the stage for what eventually became the Renaissance. WORKS CITED Brotton, Jerry. The Renaissance: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. Print. 160 Madden, Thomas. The Crusades: The Essential Readings. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell, 2002. Print. 288 Weatherford, Jack. Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. New York: Crown Publishers, 2004. Print. 317

Definition Essay on #8220;My Best Friend#8221; Who Is That

Definition Essay on #8220;My Best Friend#8221; Who Is That Friends maintain immense abandon of sources to develop a good relationship between two people. As we general say friends’ interpretations must be honesty, straightforward to each other. They ought to agree each other’s opinions. They support self-awareness to each other. They don’t walk away when troubles come to them but to give them hands. Such civilization of friend identities put my self into a den deeper and deeper. The more I experience the more I recess friends are definitely brutal, deceived and distrustful. According to my empirical of self-esteem in friendship that I have realized friends who take an advantages form each other. They are relentlessly impact their sentiments. They approach you when they need you, but they never regard you when you need them. There are too many evidences that show how and why my friends betrayed me all the time. The next paragraphs will talk about one of my friends. Through out the incidence has occurred me that I am thoroughly assured friends are selfish, distrustful, foolish, and sorrowful. My past memory has frequency consecutively emerged in my brain that my best friend has betrayed me again and again. Since I was in high school that I have met several best friends, one of them are the special one. We went out together, drunk together. Even we shared the money we had. Such of happiness made us even closely like blood brother. We were all well known to each of our parents, because we were intimacy doing things together. Not only this but we also helped each other when there fights beside us. On the year of my age18, when was my last year to graduate from high school. At the same time there also was the high provoking promotion reflected every one to get an opposite partners which we call boyfriends or girlfriends. So I carried this thought to look for one who I got was I like the most, she has a lot of things some other girls don’t have. I had been together nearly a year. During that year my best friend was also well known about her who we went out together and played together. He regarded us all the time, what she was good at or the things we did together. One day I stumbled on they were together one night. We gradually broke up†¦. Furthermore, not only this but also he cheated on me when I immigrated to the Unite States. He cheated on me of he was going to buy a house for his mother who was old and sick. Such faith of parents influenced me to lend amount of money to him. However, later I found out he got the money to gamble and loosed it. From that time on he broke his promise to pay me money back and has not even give a call. Confronting frustrations that I recessed the reasons why my friends had chosen to cheat on me, because I was too dependable on my friends. I shared my secrets and feeling. I sacrificed most of things which have never thought to achieve them back. Being excessive in believe people who never shared their secrets or thoughts with me. Profoundly we concern if we really find ones who we can trust on. Then we should treasure them but not to destroy them. Friends are variety groups of people who help each other, comfort to each other, and encourage each other. However, they can destroy our feeling of human dignities. They can grab every thing you have and gone for permanently. Friends could bring happiness or could give hand to you to be succeeded. But at the same time it also can be revise of the opposite sides or make you lost even more than he or she helped you gain. There has such proverb saying â€Å"the more love you receive the more pain you pay† it is truer than ever since. Friends maintain immense abandon of sources to develop a good relationship between two people. As we general say friends’ interpretations must be honesty, straightforward to each other. They should agree each other’s opinions. They support self-awareness to each other. They don’t walk away when troubles come to them but to give them hands. Such civilization of friend identities put my self into a den deeper and deeper. The more I experience the more I recess friends are definitely brutal, deceived and distrustful. According to my empirical of self-esteem in friendship that I have realized friends who take an advantages form each other. They are relentlessly impact their sentiments. They approach you when they need you, but they never regard you when you need them. There are too many evidences that show how and why my friends betrayed me all the time. The next paragraphs will talk about one of my friends. Through out the incidence has occurred me that I am thoroughly assured friends are selfish, distrustful, foolish, and sorrowful. My past memory has frequency consecutively emerged in my brain that my best friend has betrayed me again and again. Since I was in high school that I have met several best friends, one of them are the special one. We went out together, drunk together. Even we shared the money we had. Such of happiness made us even closely like blood brother. We were all well known to each of our parents, because we were intimacy doing things together. Not only this but we also helped each other when there fights beside us. On the year of my age18, when was my last year to graduate from high school. At the same time there also was the high provoking promotion reflected every one to get an opposite partners which we call boyfriends or girlfriends. So I carried this thought to look for one who I got was I like the most, she has a lot of things some other girls don’t have. I had been together nearly a year. During that year my best friend was also well known about her who we went out together and played together. He regarded us all the time, what she was good at or the things we did together. One day I stumbled on they were together one night. We gradually broke up†¦. Furthermore, not only this but also he cheated on me when I immigrated to the Unite States. He cheated on me of he was going to buy a house for his mother who was old and sick. Such faith of parents influenced me to lend amount of money to him. However, later I found out he got the money to gamble and loosed it. From that time on he broke his promise to pay me money back and has not even give a call. Confronting frustrations that I recessed the reasons why my friends had chosen to cheat on me, because I was too dependable on my friends. I shared my secrets and feeling. I sacrificed most of things which have never thought to achieve them back. Being excessive in believe people who never shared their secrets or thoughts with me. Profoundly we concern if we really find ones who we can trust on. Then we should treasure them but not to destroy them. Friends are variety groups of people who help each other, comfort to each other, and encourage each other. However, they can destroy our feeling of human dignities. They can grab every thing you have and gone for permanently. Friends could bring happiness or could give hand to you to be succeeded. But at the same time it also can be revise of the opposite sides or make you lost even more than he or she helped you gain. There has such proverb saying â€Å"the more love you receive the more pain you pay† it is truer than ever since.

How To Conjugate and Use the Spanish Verb Ir

How To Conjugate and Use the Spanish Verb Ir You might not expect  fue and vaya to be conjugations of the same verb, but that is what happens with ir.  As would be expected for a verb that uniquely has an ending only with  no stem, ir,  is highly irregular. Most unusually, it shares its preterite and imperfect subjunctive forms with ser. The context typically will indicate which verb is being conjugated. Ir  it typically translated as to go. It also is frequently used to form the periphrastic future. Irregular forms are shown below in boldface. Translations are given as a guide and in real life may vary with context. Infinitive of Ir ir (to go) Gerund of Ir yendo (going) Participle of Ir ido (gone) Present Indicative of Ir yo voy, tà º vas, usted/à ©l/ella va, nosotros/as vamos, vosotros/as vais, ustedes/ellos/ellas van (I go, you yendo, he yendo, etc.) Preterite of Ir yo fui, tà ºÃ‚  fuiste, usted/à ©l/ella fue, nosotros/as fuimos, vosotros/as fuisteis, ustedes/ellos/ellas fueron (I went, you went, she went, etc.) Imperfect Indicative of Ir yo iba, tà º ibas, usted/à ©l/ella iba, nosotros/as à ­bamos, vosotros/as ibais, ustedes/ellos/ellas iban (I used to go, you used to go, he used to go, etc.) Future Indicative of Ir yo irà ©, tà º irs, usted/à ©l/ella ir, nosotros/as iremos, vosotros/as irà ©is, ustedes/ellos/ellas irn (I will go, you will go, he will go, etc.) Conditional of Ir yo irà ­a, tà º irà ­as, usted/à ©l/ella irà ­a, nosotros/as irà ­amos, vosotros/as irà ­ais, ustedes/ellos/ellas irà ­an (I would go, you would go, she would go, etc.) Present Subjunctive of Ir que yo vaya, que tà º vayas, que usted/à ©l/ella vaya, que nosotros/as vayamos, que vosotros/as vayis, que ustedes/ellos/ellas vayan (that I go, that you go, that she go, etc.) Imperfect Subjunctive of Ir que yo fuera (fuese), que tà º fueras (fueses), que usted/à ©l/ella fuera (fuese), que nosotros/as fuà ©ramos (fuà ©semos), que vosotros/as fuerais (fueseis), que ustedes/ellos/ellas fueran (fuesen) (that I went, that you went, that he went, etc.) Imperative of Ir ve (tà º), no vayas (tà º), vaya (usted), vamos or vayamos (nosotros/as), id (vosotros/as), no vayis (vosotros/as), vayan (ustedes) (go, dont go, go, lets go, etc.) Compound Tenses of Ir The perfect tenses are made by using the appropriate form of haber and the past participle, ido. The progressive tenses use estar with the gerund, yendo. Sample Sentences Showing Conjugation of Ir Nunca he viajado a Chile, pero espero ir allà ­. (I have never traveled to Chile, but I hope to go there. Infinitive.)He ido muchas veces al restaurante y siempre me ha gustado. (I have often gone to the restaurant and I have always liked it. Present perfect.)Esta semana vamos a estudiar la situacià ³n en Alemania. (This week we are going to study the situation in Germany. Present indicative showing how the periphrastic future is formed.)Los hombres se fueron a la cocina a preparar unos tragos. (The men went away to the kitchen to prepare some drinks. Preterite.)Dejà ³ su vehà ­culo en una gasolinera y se fue a pie al banco. (She left her vehicle at a gas station and went by foot to the bank. Preterite.)Ella y yo à ­bamos una vez al mes a un cafà © del centro y hablbamos de todo. (She and I would go monthly to a downtown cafà © and talk about everything. Imperfect.)No sà © si irà © a la playa, porque me es difà ­cil divertirme sin dinero. (I dont know if Ill go to the beac h, because it is difficult for me to enjoy myself without money. Future.) Si yo tuviera que decidir, irà ­a a Isla Mujeres. (If I had to decide, I would go to Isla Mujeres. Conditional.)Espero que vayan con la disposicià ³n de escuchar. (I hope they go prepared to pay attention. Present subjunctive.)Insistà ­ una y otra vez en que fuera conmigo. (I insisted again and again that she go with me. Imperfect subjunctive.) ¡Vete de allà ­! (Get out of here! Imperative.)Vamos al lago para pescar. (Lets go to the lake to fish. Imperative.)

St Francis of Assisi and Abraham Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

St Francis of Assisi and Abraham - Essay Example He began to think about a career in the military seriously. During his tenure in the military, He was affected by many dreams which led him to think seriously about eternal life. Francis slowly began to lose interest in the wordily life and soon submitted his life for the sake of lord and the poor (Knight). Abraham is considered a s the father of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Abraham is considered as a hero who has stood the test of time. His name is honoured all over the world. The story of Abraham is a fascinating one. It is filled with challenges, travels and great drama. When we look back to his life, we can see that he had an absolute certainty that there is only one God. More than that, another aspect in Abraham's life is his kindness. Abraham was an entertainer for the travelers. His tent was always open for the travelers. He would even interrupt the lord for the sake of the travelers. His kindness towards others is renowned. He was born into a world where the holy one was forgotten. He questioned his father's deeds because of idol worship. Abraham always carried a conviction that something is wrong with his fathers reasoning as well as his family and his neighborhood. He had absolute belief in the creator that could neither be seen, touched, or encompassed. When the lord spoke to him about leaving his home, he complied ecstatically (Peltz). On comparing the lives of Abraham and St Francis, we can see some similarities. Both were born to wealthy business families. And later was thrown out of their families for speaking against the traditions. Both of these personalities threw their worldly life on the behest of the lord. In the case of Abraham, God directly spoke to him about the endeavors he had to undertake in the future. Whereas in the case of Francis, god spoke to him through dreams. Both these persons undoubtedly are super stars in their own sense. Abraham forgot not only his country and acquaintances, but also his father's house, to go to a terrain which lord had shown him by heavenly stimulation. Pushing to the side any barrier, he pushed on to win the price of his divine call. Conforming himself to him who, though wealthy, for our sake became underprivileged, he relieved himself of a serious weight of material belongings so as to pass easily through the contracted door. He dispersed his affluence to the poor so that his righteousness might continue everlastingly. This is absolutely true as in the case of St Francis. He too rebelled against his father after a divine call was received by him from the lord. Throwing away wealthy possessions and embracing the poor and the downtrodden was more enjoyable for Francis rather than enjoying the pleasures of the world once he lived upon. Even though there are lots of similarities between the lives of Abraham and Francis, difference exists. Abraham lived a long life when compared with St Francis of Assisi. He was instrumental in the origin of generations. The 12 tribes of Israel originated from Abraham. He was more inclined to the Lord that he spoke to him directly and also got the reply from above. St Francis was a mystic who created vibrations to the souls through his hardcore love and dedication to the lord. His companions were lepers whom he considered the most gifted creations in the whole universe. Approaching the land of revelation, St Francis presented his own body as a

Should the united states government provide the affordable health care Essay

Should the united states government provide the affordable health care - Essay Example Health consumers are not only assured of affordable healthcare but also assured of provision of quality medical services. However, critics have emerged on whether the provision of affordable medical services is appropriate. The critics are based on the assumptions that the creation of affordable care act is expensive and the burden would be transferred to the tax payer. Additionally, medical institutions have also cited that they have incurred minimized profits since the creation of the affordable care act. However, the government stills maintains the position that the affordable care act is helpful for both individual as well as health institutions. This paper will analyze whether the provision of affordable act is appropriate. In addition the paper will create a balance between the main critics of the act and the benefits of the act and determine the appropriate position. In an argument by McDonough since the creation of the affordable act in the United States significant changes has been experienced in the health care field (42). The author cites the number of health consumers that have been enabled to access quality health care services (McDonough 42). Before 2010, many consumers were not able to access quality medical services due to their financial status. They depended on small pharmacies and health clinics to access medical care. The quality of medical care provided in these facilities is below the required by the national health bodies. However, this remained the only healthy option available for poor persons. After the creation of the affordable act, people have been enabled to access medical care in more resourceful medial institutions at prices they could afford. In an argument by Donald this has significantly reduced immortality rates in the United States (44). The author presents data that proves the assumption that the number of death re corded after the creation of the affordable

Bestseller Lists Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bestseller Lists - Assignment Example In the two classes, there is no monopoly of authors in the top 20. More so, authors are either in one category or the other (Rodgers 11). It implies that no author writes in both categories but only specialize in one type. Additionally, there is no monopoly of authors in year 2015 in the combined e-books fiction and print. Every week different books sell at different rates and as such no book is consistently leading the charts. Fiction books involve writing of imaginative narratives. As such, there exist no monopoly of writers between the years 1950 to 1959 (U.S Accounting Office, 15). In most years, different authors appear in the top 10 with only few or none that were present in past years. In the non-fiction category, individual books and authors appear in continuous years. The guide for better homes seems to do good as it looks for large parts between 1950 and 1959. Between the years 1904 and 1909, Barr McCutcheon is an author that is constantly in the top 10 bestsellers (Cader, 16). More so, more authors appear regularly in the list but with different

Food Van Business Plan Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Food Van Business Plan - Case Study Example Our master-chef team will oversee the whole process and ensure that the health regulations have adhered. Our foods will improve the well-being of our customers and hence our food will be prepared to have that in mind (Myrick 2012, p.23). Our grilled chicken is prepared in a convenient way using fresh ingredients. Each serving involves a sensational taste that is appealing to the customers. Our fish and veggies are pre-blanched and hygienically prepared and sealed in a way that is appealing to the customers. The veggies are being chopped and packed freshly to ensure that their natural tastes are maintained. All ordering, stocking and quality controls are managed by on an in-house computer-based system enabling usage patterns to be monitored maintaining ordering efficiency and minimizing wastage. Our customers can have their orders delivered at their destination within the campus. The business is a profit-making organization will aim at ensuring that the production cost is lower than the sales. At the beginning of each day, the van will arrive at the support kitchen where the foods will be loaded with the day’s meals. This will ensure that the supply of ordered food is constant and no inconveniences are experienced. Promotion of our products will be at offering gifts and subsiding prices on particular days. These efforts will maintain customer loyalty and ensure that customers have trust in the kinds of foods we offer.  

Family law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Family law - Essay Example No institution indeed more nearly concerns the very foundations of society†¦.than that of marriage†1. It is evident that the relationship between law and social behaviour has always posed a difficult balancing act for legislators. Any social issue or trend inherently proliferates at a staggering rate with any responsive legislation arguably being out of date and inadequate on implementation. In English law, the classic paradigm of marriage is defined by the famous dictum of Lord Penzance in Hyde v Hyde was stipulated as the â€Å"voluntary union for life of one man and one woman to the exclusion of all others2†. This definition clearly asserts the heterosexual nature of marriage, which is further bolstered by the provisions of section 11(c) of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 (MCA), which provides that a marriage shall be void on grounds that the â€Å"parties are not respectively male and female†. However, some commentators have criticised this legal position and Bradney asserts that â€Å"this principle has a mythical status in English law, widely cited disregarding its inherent legal falsity†3. Indeed, it is further arguable in light of the Civil Partnership Act 2004 and the Gender Recognition Act 2004 that the basis upon which section 11(c) of the MCA and the Hyde definition of marriage operates is now doubtful and the focus of this analysis is to critically evaluate the extent to which the traditional legal definition of marriage is still applicable to English law in light of recent developments. In doing so, I shall evaluate the traditional legal definition of marriage and how this legal framework for regulating relationships has come under fire for excluding valid relationships outside purely heterosexual union. If we consider the basis of the traditional definition of marriage, English law has characteristically adopted a conventional position of asserting the primacy of heterosexual union4. O’Donovan

The effects to the white star line company because of the titanic Research Paper

The effects to the white star line company because of the titanic sinking - Research Paper Example The world has always fixed all attention on identifying the cause of the tragedy, while little effort has been shifted towards identifying the effect of the Titanic tragedy on the White Star Lines Company, the Liverpool-based company that owned the mega ship. The following report analyzes how the sinking of the Titanic impacted on the White Star Line company. The company prided itself with being the maker of the most luxurious ship at the time. The name of this wonder ship was Titanic. So much was the hype behind Titanic that it was commonly regarded as the unsinkable ship (Ziakas 109). By building the ship, the company had made set the benchmark for the trend in luxurious ships. The massive size of Titanic also increased the pride that came along with the ship since it was the biggest at the time. This intense over confidence in the success of the ship contributed majorly to the disaster, since adequate preventive measures were not put in place. The sinking of the ship had massive impact on the parent company, White Star Line, as illustrated in this report. The White Star Line refers to a ship building company which originally made traditional sailing ships that travelled from UK to Australia in the 1860s. The company majored on this route due to gold in Australia. This venture turned out to be very competitive hence it merged with other rival companies. The company merged with other companies such as The Black Ball and The Eagle Lines of ship (Butler 104). Under this partnership, the first White Star Line ship was launched in August 1870. The ship, known as Oceanic, was a break from the norm with its size, appearance and a host of other innovations. It was to be the world’s first true super liner and it gained popularity from all corners of the world. Later that year, the company launched three other identical ships, known as Atlantic, Republic and Baltic. In the following year, the company launched another ship, slightly larger than

Family law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Family law - Essay Example No institution indeed more nearly concerns the very foundations of society†¦.than that of marriage†1. It is evident that the relationship between law and social behaviour has always posed a difficult balancing act for legislators. Any social issue or trend inherently proliferates at a staggering rate with any responsive legislation arguably being out of date and inadequate on implementation. In English law, the classic paradigm of marriage is defined by the famous dictum of Lord Penzance in Hyde v Hyde was stipulated as the â€Å"voluntary union for life of one man and one woman to the exclusion of all others2†. This definition clearly asserts the heterosexual nature of marriage, which is further bolstered by the provisions of section 11(c) of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 (MCA), which provides that a marriage shall be void on grounds that the â€Å"parties are not respectively male and female†. However, some commentators have criticised this legal position and Bradney asserts that â€Å"this principle has a mythical status in English law, widely cited disregarding its inherent legal falsity†3. Indeed, it is further arguable in light of the Civil Partnership Act 2004 and the Gender Recognition Act 2004 that the basis upon which section 11(c) of the MCA and the Hyde definition of marriage operates is now doubtful and the focus of this analysis is to critically evaluate the extent to which the traditional legal definition of marriage is still applicable to English law in light of recent developments. In doing so, I shall evaluate the traditional legal definition of marriage and how this legal framework for regulating relationships has come under fire for excluding valid relationships outside purely heterosexual union. If we consider the basis of the traditional definition of marriage, English law has characteristically adopted a conventional position of asserting the primacy of heterosexual union4. O’Donovan

Comparing two or more religions from your personal point of view Essay

Comparing two or more religions from your personal point of view - Essay Example Of course, one would not be correct, suggesting that one religion is better than another one; nevertheless, it might be the case that one of them might suit a particular person or a particular nation better. If one takes a close look at Islam, one can not help noticing that it is a religion that has a rather detailed explanation for various aspects of the reality. Furthermore, it contains a set of norms that were later developed into a legal system (Peters, 2014, p. 263). What is more important is that other than showing a person an effective way to develop one’s soul, it helps people to deal with realistic problems. For example in the Quran there are the so called Sword verses that set guidelines for the Muslims when they fight to protect their faith: this part of the sacred text encourages people to fight, but also show mercy when needed. In addition to that, Islam contains many provisions about daily life which significantly improve it. Contrary to that, Jainism is a religion that is primarily occupied with abstract concepts. Of course, it provides those who follow this path of spiritual development with helpful guidelines; however, the true believers often neglect the world with its realistic issues and try to focus on their personal development (Smith, 2012, p. 219). Thus, both Islam and Jainism present their explanation of the structure of the Universe; however, the former does not pay much attention to it, putting emphasis on issues that the believers might face on a daily basis while the latter has a quite develop cosmological system. This can hardly be called a disadvantage of Jainism; nevertheless, it shows that the doctrine is more concerned with abstract notions rather then everyday ones. Indeed, this religion encourages people to think more about spiritual values and contrasts them with material ones. The differences between Islam and Jainism are easily visible when it comes to projecting the each teaching on the social environment. As it has

An Overview Of The The Indian Film Industry Media Essay

An Overview Of The The Indian Film Industry Media Essay Every year, 1000 films are released in India, which are watched by 3 billion movie goers. India is the worlds largest film producer, volume-wise. However, factors such as poorly developed revenue stream, excessive reliance on domestic box office collections and inefficiencies prevalent across the value chain, have resulted in poor revenue collection for the industry. As a result, the Indian Film Industry accounts for only 1% of global film industry revenues. However, in the past 3-4 years, the industry has undergone major alterations bringing positive results. Due to the availability of organized funding, advent of multiplexes and increasing overseas collections, the film industry now stands at a better position. The provision of 100% foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as  20th Century Fox,  Sony Pictures, and  Warner Bros. (1) Over the past years the business of film making has changed due to corporatization, increasing production costs, spiraling actor fees and high acquisition costs for content. With the recent economic showdown, the film industry is witnessing earlier some of the earlier excesses being brought down to a more realistic level playing field. (1) Components of the Indian film industry The 20th century saw commercialization of the business of film making. The Indian, Chinese and American film industries became global enterprises. Our film industry found markets in over 90 countries. If we bifurcate the Indian Film Industry, we have various Regional Film Industries. The most prominent and popular amongst them at is the Hindi Film Industry, which is based in Mumbai. Other industries are Marathi, Punjabi, Urdu, Bhojapuri, Telugu, Bengali, Oriya, Kannada, Malayalam and Tamil. These industries enjoy monopoly in their respective regions. For example, Keralites will prefer Malayalam movies over Kannada movies. Regional choices greatly influence the marketing strategy for the promotion of a film or a product. The cultural variety that the Indian Film Industry offers is what that makes it unique from every other film industry in the world. Its varying range is its identity. Citation FICCI-KPMG Media Entertainment Industry Report-2009 http://www.scribd.com/doc/24474505/FICCI-KPMG-Media-Entertainment-Industry-Report-2009 Total Number of Films censored in 2009 by CBFC: 1288 *Source: Central Board for Film Certification Bollywood In 2009, out of the 1288 films released in India, 235 were Hindi films. This means 19% of the films released in India in 2009 were Hindi films. Hindi film industry is the largest producer of films in India, of which Bollywood is a major part. In fact, Bollywood is referred as the Hindi Film Industry. Out of the 200-plus Hindi films made in India each year, around 150 are made in Bollywood. Bollywood films are the only films in India that enjoy a national audience. Along with that, they also enjoy overseas audience. (2) Since Bollywood films enjoy maximum viewership, they also account for over 40 percent of the total revenues of the overall Indian film industry. The total revenue that Bollywood earned in 2008 was Rs 10,900 crore with an overseas collection of Rs 977 crore. Bollywood today is one of the biggest money making industries in India which provides employment to over 6 million people. (3) Citation 2. Central Board for Film Certification, Annual report 2009 http://cbfcindia.gov.in/html/uniquepage.aspx?unique_page_id=30 3. The Viewspaper, voice of the youth, www.wordpress.com http://theviewspaper.net/brand-bollywood/ Regional Films The Southern film industry is the major regional film industry followed by Bengali and Punjabi. The market size of the Tamil and Telugu segment is ` 7.7 billion, the Malayalam segment is ` 1.4 billion and the Kannada segment is worth ` 0.5 billion. Percentage wise, Telugu and Tamil account for 45% revenue each, Malayalam accounts for 8%, whereas Kannada accounts for 2% revenue of the southern film industry. However the regional market is under tapped, the non-theatrical revenue is lesser as compared to the Hindi film industry and the southern film industry is poorly propagated amongst the international sector. (4) Application of the concept of 4ps to the Film Industry of India The 4Ps: 1) Product 2) Place 3) Price 4) Promotion Product Citation: 4. Indian Entertainment Down South: From Script to Screen, 2009, Report, FICCI Ernst YoungA product is an article or substance that has been manufactured and refined for sale. In this case a film is a product. This product has major components. If we take Bollywood into consideration, itll be safe to call it a highly competitive zone. For the producers, movie making is like a business, where they are selling their product, ie the movie. So in order to make that product the talk of the town, their aim would be to get maximum visibility for their product. Every movie has its own target audience. There are many factors on the basis of which the audience choose to watch a particular movie. They could be ranging from the talent (film stars), genre (comedy, drama, action, thriller, romance), storyline, music and the presentation of a movie. For example, the movie Aisha scored big amongst young girls, teenagers and women (Aged 15-35 years), while it was highly criticized by men. The women chose Aisha because its packaging was in feminine colours like pink and orange, the story was based on a Jane Austen novel Emma about a young girl who likes match making, and primarily, the movie revolved around beauty, women and fashion. According to the oxford dictionary a film is defined as a    story or event recorded by a camera as a set of moving images and shown in a cinema or on television. A movie product on the other hand is the intellectual property of various individuals who are involved in it and is distributed in the form of theatrical exhibits, non-theatrical exhibits, CDs DVDs, film or tape, internet and television broadcasting through cable or sometimes without cable. Place After making a product which is worth selling, comes the time to find a place where this product will be sold. In this case a place can be anything ranging from cinema halls, multiplexes, broadcast media centres like radio and television, homes, internet, mobile phones (caller tunes, my song), games and news. Distribution takes place through theatres, rental stores; sell-through stores, catalogues, non-theatrical groups, the Internet, cell phones etc. However one of the biggest challenges that our industry is facing is Piracy. According to industry sources piracy is a 20 billion market and its share of the total video market is increasing day by day. (1) Price If we take a birds view of the industry, it appears to be uniformly priced, but the reality is something else. Currently India has 1000 multiplex screens which are supposed to become 1800 by the end of 2010 (1). The advent of the multiplex audience has definitely resulted in revenue hike for the producers, but it is important to realise that single screen movie halls are still in a majority and as compared to multiplexes, tickets are priced keeping in mind the average Indian. For example: A PVR cinemas ticket costs somewhere around `150- 300 depending upon the location, day and time, whereas a balcony seat i.e the most expensive seat in a single screen theatre like Vishal Cinemas (In Rajouri Garden, West Delhi) costs `90. A distribution contract can be structured in many ways that result in very different returns for the producer, the key creative talent, and even the distributor. Elements that are negotiated include Movie Release Date ex: Releasing a movie around Diwali is more profitable than releasing it on a normal day. Territories and market segments ex: A crossover film like Bend it Like Beckham will only do well in metros and not in tier-II and tier -III cities. Splitting of the profit, means of payment and percentages Final budget for promotion (digital, grassroot, print, outdoor The spending capacity of people has increased in the last few years. According to the PWC report, the Indian film industry is projected to grow by 11.5% in the next five years, reaching 184.7 billion in 2018 from 107 billion in 2008. Domestic box office segment is expected to grow at a cumulative rate of 10.2% over the next 5 years to reach an estimate of 132 billion in 2013 from present size of 82 billion. (1) The issue of pricing has become a global issue. Producers are careful to strategize the release of the DVDs at such a time, that it doesnt interfere with the theatrical release of the movie as it is the main source of revenue. However, the piracy industry has created such havoc in the home video market, that the producers are incurring huge losses. In order to curb this nuisance, the producers have come up with cheaply priced DVDs so that the rising phenomenon doesnt become a thorn in their flesh. Promotion Promotion is a powerful marketing tool, not only during the premier of a new product, but throughout its lifecycle. Producers create the end-product for the consumer, but they seldom market that product directly to the consumer. They market their story to investors and distributors. Distributors market to exhibitors, retailers and sub-distributors. The theatre exhibitors, retailers, store clerks, and Internet strategists market to the end consumers. And then, to top off this complex stew, some consumers even market to other consumers their family, friends and co-workers. STATEMENT To study the effectiveness of digital promotion in the box office response of Hindi films Todays Bollywood presents a very different scenario. With over 1000 films releasing in a given year, all of them fighting for a common goal i.e. the box-office success, the multiplex domination it has become a necessity for those involved, to do whatever it takes to enforce that must-watch feeling among the masses in order to win this very competitive rat-race. I want to find out how big a role does the internet play in promotion of a film. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH The internet is increasingly emerging as a profitable medium to create hype and promote a new film. There are approximately 30-40 million internet users in India today. Internet as a medium to promote a film is a viable option as it offers a wide platform of activities like reviews, trailers, bulletin boards, email, and blog for marketing movies which in turn creates a buzz about the film. Industry experts believe that the cost effectiveness of the online medium is one of the reasons for its popularity. An online campaign on the other hand costs only one-tenth of the amount a producer will spend advertising the film in the print medium. A recent survey conducted by the Internet Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) says that close to 90% internet users surf the net for movie related information and 42% of the surfers use the net for this purpose more than once a week. The survey also found that 54% of the net users watched at least one movie per month. Among the first studios to have started off promoting films on the Net was Yashraj Films. Their Mujhse Dosti Karoge went on to win the prestigious ABBY Gold award for its Internet marketing initiative in 2004. To promote Kabhi Alvida Na Kahna, the entire song Wheres the party tonight was featured on MSNs desktop TV. MSN also designed a theme pack on Messenger based on the films characters. RDBs characters wrote interactive blogs; Anthony Kaun Hai ran an online contest with winners meeting the stars. Lage Raho Munnabhais promotion on MSN India consisted of video clips from the film aired on desktop TV airs, and a web link to the official movie website with storyline, information on cast, crew, music, photos and screensavers, trailers, contests and interactive features. Online promotions also enable filmmakers to tap the overseas market. NRIs are also passionate about movies and like to download wallpapers, ring tones and take part in celebrity chats. If we look at our latest internet publicity successes, Ghajini is a very good example. Geetha Arts launched a computer game based on Ghajini, called  Ghajini The Game, developed by Hyderabad-based  FX LABS. Its a3-D PC console game which was built at a cost of Rs 30 million it attracted a lot of fans. UTV  owned Indiagames had also developed five mobile based games on Ghajini which was a huge success Aamir also kept up the internet marketing of Ghajini, with his blog  and the new Ghajini site, which invites journalists to register on the site, upload their photos, and receive personal notes from him. Websites like www.rememberghajini.com; www.findghajini.com and www.wallofsuspects.com  were built to drive curiosity levels around the movie and provide a movie like experience on the Internet. These are just a few examples. There are many more which will follow. Gone are those days when plastering a few posters on the walls and hand-painted Billboard signs were the only means available for a films publicity; Actors barely promoted their films, film-makers never ventured in-front of the camera and our main stream media couldnt care less. However the internet has shaken things up and revolutionized the way movie publicity is done. OBJECTIVES To find out how much of a role does internet play in the promotion of Hindi films. To find out examples where internet played a huge part in a films promotion. Ex: Ghajini To spread awareness of the use of internet among the masses. To make people realise how useful, economic and great is the internet. HYPOTHESIS Internet is emerging as a hotspot for a low cost promotion. The internet is not an effective means for promotion in the box office response of hindi films.

Out the Window :: Creative Writing Examples

Out the Window Albert watched through the window of his fourth floor apartment as she unloaded the groceries from the back of her Oldsmobile. He sighed, and walked away from the window to water the plant he had named after her. If he hurried, he could make his way down to the mailbox while she was on her way into the building, as he thought about doing every Wednesday when she did her grocery shopping, but the thought of speaking to her made him nauseous and his knees quivered uncontrollably. Tonight was going to be the night, he told himself. He was going to ask her to dinner. He would just walk up the stairs and ring her doorbell, and bring her daisies. Just before eight o’clock, because he knew she would be home. She was always home for the latest episode of Murder, She Wrote, as he knew because he could hear the theme song blaring through his paper-thin ceiling, every Wednesday at eight o’clock. He ironed his khakis in an attempt to look just perfect for the occasion, and ran a comb through the non-existing hair on his head. He could hear her walking up the stairs, and Albert imagined her popping popcorn for her favorite television show, and washing up from a long day at the coffee shop. He had never actually been inside the coffee shop, but instead watched her work from outside the large window. He watched all the other customers inside – construction workers on lunch breaks, businessmen sitting alone with the New York Times, and the ladies who play Bridge and flaunt their new manicures – all sipping cappuccinos that she had poured, and devouring French Toast that she had gracefully carried to the table. Tonight was his chance to speak to her like the men who drink her coffee, only this would be different. After all, he had even picked her daisies. He trembled just thinking about it, and thought diligently about how he should introduce himself. He walked into his bedroom to search through his closet for the perfect shirt to wear when eight o’clock approached. As the sun begin to set, Albert could hear Frank Sinatra playing from her apartment above and attempted to calm his nerves by staring out the window as the stars appeared in the sky.

The American Civil War was Avoidable Essay -- American History

The American Civil War was Avoidable   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The explosion of the American Civil War was caused by a vast number of conflicting principles and prejudices, fueled by sectional differences, and set afire by a very unfortunate set of political events. Undoubtedly, the central theme of almost all of the events that led up to the Civil War was one way or another, related to the dispute of slavery. Throughout the nineteenth century, slavery-related tensions brewed to such an extent, that politicians often took accustom to avoiding the hot topic altogether, because they were too scared of either starting a big political feud, or losing votes from one side of the issue or the other. More specifically, three events that were most instrumental in bringing about the Civil War were the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 and the Presidential election of 1860. Because of such strong reactions to these events, the Civil War was practically unstoppable, however if the parties wanted to avoid a war altogether, they could have advoc ated more compromise and popular sovereignty.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As previously mentioned, slavery was at the root of most tensions that arose between the North and the South, and the annexation of new land created much conflict concerning the status of slavery. Missouri Compromise dictated that the lands of the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36 ¢Ã‚ ª30 ¡Ã‚ ¯ parallel were to be free of slavery. Democratic senator Douglas, introduced a bill in early 1854 which proposed the division of the Nebraska Territory into two units, Kansas and Nebraska, and the application of his idea of  ¡Ã‚ °popular sovereignty ¡Ã‚ ± which would allow the territorial vote to decide the area ¡Ã‚ ¯s status concerning slavery. This proposal would, in effect, repeal the Missouri Compromise, which greatly angered abolitionists and Northerners. Douglas and Southern supporters won a congressional debate and shortly after, the bill was signed. With the passage of this bill, many conflicts arose. Much personal turmoil erupted in the territories with a lmost immediate tragic results in  ¡Ã‚ °Bleeding Kansas. ¡Ã‚ ± Also, the bill resulted in a complete realignment of the major political parties: The Democrats lost influence in the North and were to become the regional proslavery party of the South, the Whig Party, which had opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, died in the South and was weakened in the North, and a new Republican Party ... ...ecause of so many sectional differences, each region of America had its own intended President, creating a situation in which the losers of the election would already be organized for revolt. However, given that the parties were what they were, President Lincoln could have proposed a quick but strong compromise, right after he won the election, which would keep the Southerners and other non-supporters satisfied with the new political situation. Unfortunately, slavery-issues had been brewing for far too long for this situation to have an easy way out.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The American Civil War was caused by an explosion of conflictions, provoked by regional and sectional differences and an unfortunate sequence of political events. As explained earlier, the central theme of almost all of the events that brought about the Civil War was related to slavery. The Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Dred Scott Case, and the Election of 1860 were three events that played very instrumental roles in causing the Civil War, however each could have been handled differently by the parties involved. The approaches of the parties could have been more subtle, using compromises to settle disputes, in order to avoid a war.

Sexualization of Little Girls in the Media

Does the Media Sexualize Little Girls? Many different articles and essays use statistics to back up their claims but you is to say if they are accurate or not? In â€Å"Little Girls or Little Women? The Disney Princess Effect† by Stephanie Hanes and â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras† by Skip Hollandsworth they use many different statistics to back up their claims that the media is sexualizing little girls and that it is a problem for themselves and society.Even though they shock you with their disturbing statistics you wouldn’t know if they were correct without some further research. The statistic that I chose to research in â€Å"Little Girls or Little Women? The Disney Princess Effect† by Stephanie Hanes was that, â€Å"The marketing group NPD Fashionworld reported in 2003 that more than $1. 6 million is spent annually on thong underwear for 7- to 12-year-olds. † What I found left me confused but didn’t necessarily prove the statistic wrong.When I r esearched the statistic the only places I could find this statistic were on websites or blogs using from statistic â€Å"Little Girls or Little Women? The Disney Princess Effect. † NPD Fashionworld may have very well done the research to back up their claims but I could not find any other companies or researchers doing the same study. I would say that the research is not very credible because of one major thing; there are no other sets of data to compare it to.The statistic that I chose from â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras† by Skip Hollandsworth was that, â€Å"A small study published in Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention, that involved 22 women, half of whom had participated in child beauty pageants, concluded that there were â€Å"no significant differences† between the two groups on measures of bulimia, body perception, depression, and self-esteem. But it did find that the former beauty pageant girls scored significantly higher on â€Å"body dissatisfaction, interpersonal distrust, and impulse dysregulation [an ability to resist performing actions that would be harmful to themselves or others]. This statistic shows that women who participated in pageants as young girls were not affected medically more than women who did not but they did suffer some effects that aren’t necessarily threatening. When I researched this statistic and this study I found that there are not too many studies on this subject. When I looked up the effects of beauty pageants on women if they competed as girls I found that there were a lot of blogs and websites pointing out individual cases or small groups. I find that this statistic is not credible because the group tested is too small.Only 22 women were tested which is a cause for concern. You can not get all the evidence you need from 22 people to make a strong claim. Another reason why I feel that this statistic is not credible is the fact that there hasn’t been any major studies on the issue. There have been many small studies like the one mentioned in the statistic but none providing any substantial evidence. Articles like â€Å"Little Girls or Little Women? The Disney Princess Effect† by Stephanie Hanes and â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras† by Skip Hollandsworth provide many statistics to try and shock you.They are very effective at first glance but once you look into them a little more you start to fell a little skeptic. Many of the statistics used are influential but not in the fact of providing hard evidence. Many of the statistics used were either found by small studies or there had only been one study performed on the issue which does not give enough proof. Statistics are a great way to provide support for you claims but it does require the reader to a little research if they really want to know for sure.

Beauty Pageants Argumentative

The Problems and Pleasures of Pageants Beauty pageants have been questioned on whether or not their truly innocent. In some cases, the smiles are more likely than not phony. On the other hand, the abundance of memories and skills gained from these extravaganzas can create a positive effect on the child. On the negative side, pageants are found to be full of drama from both the parents and from the stress of the requirements, including eating disorders. They also lead to bad sportsmanship and the parent’s desperate attempts to win, even at the risk of their own children.According to The Merriam Webster Dictionary (1899), the definition of a beauty contest, also called a pageant, is â€Å"an assemblage of girls or women at which judges select the most beautiful. † In other words, if one is the most beautiful, she, or sometimes even he, will be the most successful. This may be true physically, but the personality of certain parents or contestants prove otherwise. As you ca n see here, this mother is injecting her 8-year old child with Botox, a toxin used to make the face fuller in order to make certain features pop out or remove wrinkles.This toxin alone is dangerous to an adult, let alone a young girl. This Botox, if administered into the wrong place, would drip down her throat and kill her. Unfortunately, there are several parents who are desperate enough to win that will do treatments such as this. Other treatments include but are not limited to waxing, spray tanning or natural tanning, and heavy applications of make-up. Several of these so-called strategies to win are unhealthy for the contestant. An often occurrence at child pageants is feeding them high doses of sugar and caffeine.Often, they serve pixie sticks which are called â€Å"pageant crack. † Here we have young Alana, age 6. Her mother, known as â€Å"The Coupon Queen,† believes it’s perfectly fine to give her young daughter what she calls â€Å"Go-go† Juice. She defends this by saying â€Å"there are far worse things. I could be giving her alcohol. † She also claimed that plenty of mothers use caffeine and sugar in order to keep their toddlers awake and energized. Excuses like this are unacceptable. No child should be given large amounts of caffeine and sugar, if any at all.Parents are setting them at risk for obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, and several other diseases caused by bad health choices like this. On the other extreme, there are eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating. This is Cleo Glyde, a model who is now a healthy size 12. She used to struggle with eating disorders, which are very common amongst the fashion world. Cigarettes and willpower were her only two friends against food. She eventually became a stick, much like the rest of the models, all because of peer pressure to be skinny rather than her normal self.She did an interview for Marie Claire, a high fashion company. She went on to e xplain the different things she had witnessed, such as the Brazilian woman who collapsed like herself in a fashion show and a beautiful girl who starved herself to nothing but bones, her beauty withering down as her skin became paler and dark circles grew under her eyes. The cold world of fashion is no different than the world of beauty pageants. The same effects can happen, and can be devastating. What makes child beauty pageants even sadder is the fact that the children can’t have a true childhood.They must spend their time practicing their moves, fixing their make-up and hair, practicing their smile, and trying on different dresses and outfits to parade around. They’re treated more like dolls rather than they are children. Everyone is admiring them while they walk about on stage, but those children dream about climbing trees and playing hide-and-seek with their other friends. There is, however, a lighter side to the pageant world. Children can believe that they are performing skits in a play and can have a wonderful time prancing about on the stage before them.Alliances and friendships are formed between the contestants and pageant moms. In fact, the definition could be considered misleading. Children do not need only beauty, but also talent, poise, confidence, and even communication skills. Truth be told, not everyone develops bad habits such as eating disorders and bad sportsmanship, or at least don’t pursue it. Former Miss Michigan Kirsten Haglund developed an eating disorder at the age of 15 because of the demands to stay thin. She was in denial at first, but after she had received help, she overcame her obsession and now visits high schools to talk about eating disorders.To add on, according to statistics, only 6% of girls who compete in competitions suffer from depression. Although psychological disorders seem to occur often in the world of beauty, it’s not a guaranteed thing. Winning a competition does not mean winning fro m pure beauty. Almost all pageants use some form of a talent competition or an intelligence test, even for the younger ones. Miss South Carolina 2007 lost because she could not answer the question she was given. Meanwhile, on a different website, quotes from the beauty queens showed their not-so-perfect side of them. While one considered knitting a sport, another called Bob Barker â€Å"Mr.Parker. † Most of them seemed to create their own words, such as â€Å"challengement† and â€Å"instrumentation. † These are not negative things, necessarily. None of these Miss USA contestants won, making it true that intelligence is needed in order to win the contest. Several misconceptions are made about these parades of glitter and hairspray. Most negatives a person thinks of when asked about pageants are the extremes being shown on television, just as television does. The show Toddlers and Tiaras display the extreme mothers who will do anything to win, even if that means teaching the child bad behaviors.Fortunately, the majority of pageant parents know how to balance the shows and the regular life of a child. In order to be able to speak to an audience and use good communication skills, a child must have practice, which is used in these competitions. Whether considering a career in business, acting, or even staying at home to take care of the children, a woman needs a voice to be heard. The pageants for young children and adults assist in gaining the confidence and social manners one needs in order to be taken seriously. The characteristics gained can only be measured with the side effects that come with them.The facts of a beauty pageant are the same as rumors: some hold their ground and turn out to be factual, while others crumble away as every lie does. To put a child in a contest is up to the parent, but it is highly recommended that they be cautious of the feelings of the child. As for the expositions of the young adult, they may choose themsel ves what they want to do; however, they cannot depend on beauty alone in order to gain wealth. Whether considered innocent or pure evil, pageants will still have a place on the world. Works Cited Beauty pageants do more good than harm. (2011). Retrieved from http://www. ebate. org/debates/beauty-pageants-do-more-good-than-harm/1/ Glyde, C. (06 A). Marie Claire. Retrieved from http://www. marieclaire. com/health-fitness/news/anorexia-model Harden, S. (2012, March 28). Statistic brain. Retrieved from http://www. statisticbrain. com/beauty-pageant-statistics/ The family factor:child beauty pageants- the misconceptions. (2011, 04 17). Retrieved from http://www. thefamilyfactor. com/2011/04/child-beauty-pageants-misconceptions. html Grosaru, L. (2011, May 30). Debatepedia. Retrieved from http://debatepedia. idebate. org/en/index. php/Debate:_Child_beauty_pageants

Synopsis of a Phrase: You Don’t Know What You Have Until It’s Gone

â€Å"You don’t know what you have until it’s gone† Like an old saying â€Å"You don’t know what you have until it’s gone†. For some people these are just words, but for others it’s really more a life changing phrase. To me this phrase are more than just words. I question myself every time I see or hear about mother’s abandoning their children’s. I really can’t understand what come across their minds to make a life changing decision. Every woman who has the blessing of having children’s should be grateful, because not every woman has the glory of giving birth.I can’t comprehend leaving behind a part of you like if it didn’t exist, that is just outrages. But then again life in some way or somehow it comes back and haunts you, it’s all about karma. This is where the old saying of â€Å"You don’t know what you have until it’s gone†, kicks in then it’s too late to try to regain what you had back then. As I grew up as a teenager I always had in mind that I wanted to have a boy first and then a girl as my own children. Well, God heard my wishes and made them true, but not knowing that later on in my life I was going to wish that I hadn’t made that petition.I had my son at age 17 and my daughter at age 19, years passed by and simply no more pregnancies came along. I was divested as well as my husband we wanted to have more family. Apparently it just wasn’t going to happen I was diagnosed with PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome). The possibilities of getting pregnant were between 2% to 5% which let’s be honest, â€Å"Not enough†. Pretty much I become infertile, but I had set my mind if these are Gods wish let them be. I was already so grateful in having my two kids. I’m not going lie I still had that wish of becoming mother again back in mind.I have a sister who had a beautiful daughter two years ago. I was hopi ng for my sister to change for good, since she was more into going out with friends, boyfriends, and anything relate to being irresponsible. The first year seemed to be okay even though she still went out. In the beginning of the second year she started to complain about having her daughter. She would say, â€Å"I wish I have never had you†. How can she possibly say this, she is only an â€Å"innocent little girl† who didn’t ask to be brought to this world. I spoke to my mother about this situation.I simply couldn’t let this go on. My mother said, â€Å"I will not let this happen again†. My mother did actually speak to my sister, she obviously didn’t like that so she called me up and said, â€Å"I’m leaving the house and I’m giving the baby away to someone†. I said â€Å"No you are not†! Give her to me, I said. My sister answers back by saying, â€Å"Well, come for her now or I will give her away†. So I eag erly left to my mother’s house. I had to tell my sister, that I hope you never ever regret what you are doing. This is when I brought up the old saying, â€Å"You don’t know what you have until it’s gone†.Some day you will be begging for the forgiveness of your daughter and this is when you will realize that what you did was wrong and it will be to late. At the end I tried to understand why she took this decision. What was going thru her mind? I just can come with an answer. I’ve tried every possible method of getting pregnant and here she comes and leaves her daughter like nothing as if she never carried her in her stomach for 9 months. By the way I was present in the baby’s birth. It was wonderful reliving the moment when I gave birth to my children.Now I’m going thru the moment of seeing my niece being abandoned by her insensitive mother. This really breaks my heart by seeing my little niece looking for her mother and not finding h er. To me this kind of people should not have the blessing of being a mother, if in some way you can call them mothers. While other women try and wish they could be mothers. We should have more conscious in what we do and the consequence that later in life will bring us. We should treasure what we currently have and not wait until it’s too late to realize what slip away from our hands. Life is to short to make wrong decisions.